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FACTS ABOUT: narwhals narwhal

Definition: narwhal  Play narwhalpronunciation  A narwhal is an animal (mammal) that lives in the cold waters of the Arctic Ocean. They are
a kind of whale, but a narwhal's body looks a little more like a seal's. Male narwhals have
one long tusk that sticks out from their upper jaw. It is twisted in a spiral.

Fun Facts

1. Their horn is actually an giant, inside-out tooth! A narwhal’s "horn" is actually an overgrown front canine tooth that grows straight out through their upper lip. Unlike human teeth, which are hard on the outside and soft inside, narwhal tusks are soft on the outside and hard on the inside!

2. They are nicknamed the "Unicorns of the Sea." Because of their long, spiral tusk, narwhals look like real-life mythical sea creatures! Hundreds of years ago, traders sold narwhal tusks to royalty as magic unicorn horns for huge fortunes.

3. Their tusk is a giant sensory antenna. The tusk is packed with over 10 million nerve endings connected directly to the narwhal's brain. By holding its tusk in the air or water, a narwhal can measure temperature, water pressure, and even how salty the ocean is!

4. Every tusk spirals in the exact same direction. No matter if a narwhal grows one tusk or two, the spiral pattern always twists to the left (counter-clockwise)! Scientists aren't entirely sure why, but it's a rule built into their DNA.

5. Some lucky narwhals grow two tusks! While tusks are mostly found on male narwhals, about 15% of females grow one too. Even cooler, roughly 1 in 500 male narwhals grows a double tusk—giving them two long horns side-by-side!

6. They use their tusks like giant light-sabers for fishing. Drones have captured footage showing narwhals using their heavy tusks to tap and stun arctic cod fish in the water, making them dazed and easy to swallow whole!

7. They have no teeth inside their mouth. Despite being whales, narwhals have zero functional teeth in their jaws! Instead of biting or chewing their food, they use powerful suction to vacuum up fish, squid, and shrimp whole.